- Fluorescent labeling with PromoFluor dyes. Illustrations (except illustration at the top) are from Covalys Biosciences AG/Switzerland.
PromoFluor Fluorescent Dyes
For efficient labeling of proteins, antibodies and nucleic acids
For sensitive detection of biomolecules and their interactions and studying the manifold cellular processes in a more convenient way, PromoKine now provides a wide range of powerful fluorophores spanning almost the whole visible and infrared light spectrum.
The superior quality of our PromoFluor dyes and a very reasonable price making them an ideal alternative to many commonly used fluorophores such as the Alexa Fluor® or Cy™ dyes. They are compatible with most excitation sources including low cost diode lasers, LEDs, tungsten lamps and xenon arc lamps and can be excited with custom made FRET systems.
The activated PromoFluor dyes are ready to use and can be covalently coupled to amino acids, proteins, antibodies, hormones, sugars, dNTPs, oligonucleotides or other affinity tags (e.g. biotin or streptavidin) to obtain the required specific probes or markers for highly sensitive cell and molecular biological applications such as immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, studies of enzyme kinetics, DNA sequencing, FISH, and microarray assays (some may also be suitable for FRET assays). In addition, we are also offering dyes with an extra large Stokes shift (PromoFluor LSS dyes), which are particularly useful e.g. for multicolor labeling.
The PromoFluor dyes are available in different formats:
- as free carboxylic acids,
- as amine-reactive dyes (N-hydroxysuccinimidyl [NHS] esters) which are mainly used to label primary amino groups of peptides, proteins or amino-modified DNA,
- as maleimides/iodoacetamides which form stable, chemical bonds with thiol groups (e.g. of proteins),
- as amine-modified labels which can be used for coupling to carboxy groups
- and as conjugates to biotin, streptavidin, phalloidin, nucleotides and secondary antibodies.
Moreover, PromoKine provides lyophilized Phycobiliprotein dyes such as R- and B-Phycoerythrin and Allophycocyanin (optionally SMCC-activated) which can be readily used for biomolecule labeling and are also available as streptavidin and biotin conjugates.
In addition, PromoKine also offers convenient, ready-to-use Labeling Kits for Proteins, Antibodies & DNA that are available with our proven PromoFluor dyes as well as with common fluorophores such as fluorescein, rhodamine, sulforhodamine, R-phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin.
Advantages
- strong light absorption and high fluorescence intensity: PromoFluor dyes exhibit very intense fluorescence light emission and optimal brightness due to high extinction coefficients and quantum yield values of the dyes - intensity increases when coupled to biomolecules resulting in reduced influence of uncoupled dye!
- high photostability: PromoFluor dyes are more photostable than most of the commonly used fluorescent dyes resulting in a significantly reduced photobleaching - thus you have much more time for microscopic observation and image capture
- good pH insensitivity: PromoFluor dyes remain highly fluorescent and stable over a broad pH range (pH 4-9)
- high water solubility: the negatively charged PromoFluor dyes are highly water soluble and show reduced aggregation allowing easy protein labeling procedures without the need to use organic solvents
- good instrument compatibility: excitation and emission spectra of the PromoFluor dyes are compatible with the commonly used excitation sources and filter sets
- same quality but better price than many commonly used fluorophores such as the Alexa Fluor® or Cy™ dyes!
Applications
- labeling of biomolecules such as proteins, antibodies and nucleic acids*
- fluorescence microscopy
- fluorescence activated Cell Sorting (FACS)
- fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
- fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)
- DNA & protein microarrays
- some dyes may also be suitable for FRET assays
*For labeling protocols please contact our technical support!
Also available:
- LSS-Dyes with extra-large Stokes shifts
- absorption at 485 - 520 nm
- different emission maxima from 560 to 690 nm
- ideally suited for multicolor labeling and FACS applications!
- NIR (near infrared) dyes
- showing optimally reduced background
- providing deep penetration into tissues
- cheap lasers as excitation source
- PromoFluor R-Phycoerythrin, B-Phycoerythrin & Allophycocyanin
- comes lyophilized and (optionally) SMCC-activated or cross-linked
- best quality - lowest price
More Products conjugated with different PromoFluor dyes:
- secondary antibodies (specific binding to primary antibodies)
- biotin & streptavidin (biological detection; e.g. FISH, DNA microarrays)
- phalloidin (F-actin labeling)
- nucleotides (UTPs, dUTPs & ddUTPs, e.g. for binding studies and DNA labeling)
- please request for other conjugates!
Also available: Easy-to-use and convenient Protein, Antibody & DNA Labeling Kits available with different PromoFluor dyes!
General Labeling Protocols using PromoFluor Dyes
General Protocol for Protein Labeling
General Protocol for aadUTP Labeling
General Protocol for Labeling of RNA for Microarrays
General Protocol for Oligonucleotide Labeling
Looking for better alternatives....
PromoFluor-350 is an intense, blue-fluorescing dye that is ideally suited for UV light excitation. With an emission maximum at 431 nm (that is shorter than that of e.g. AMCA), its bright blue fluorescence can be better separated from that of common green fluorescence dyes.
PromoFluor-405 is an optimal visible light-excitable blue fluorophore and ideal for 400-410 nm excitation sources (e.g. the 405 nm line of the krypton laser). Since it has minimal spectral overlap with green fluorophores, it is well-suited for multicolor labeling.
PromoFluor-488 and PromoFluor-488 Premium are the perfect choices if you want to replace green emitting fluorophores such as Cy™2, Alexa Fluor® 488 and fluorescein. They are brighter than fluorescein and show a better water solubility and pH insensitivity over a broad range. In addition, they are significantly more photostable than fluorescein - particularly PromoFluor-488 Premium that is thus ideally suited for applications such as fluorescence microscopy. The dyes are compatible to the Argon 488 blue-green laser. Exc./Em. maximum: 493/521 nm and 490/516 nm, respectively.
PromoFluor-555 is the ideal alternative to TMR as well as the red fluorescent Cy™3 and Alexa Fluor® 555 dyes. Biomolecules (antibodies, nucleic acids) labeled with this dye are well compatible to TMR and Cy™3 filters. Exc./Em. maximum: 557/574 nm.
PromoFluor-590 is a good alternative to TexasRed® emitting bright red fluorescence. Biomolecules labeled with this dye are well compatible to Texas Red® filters. Exc./Em. maximum: 581/598 nm.
PromoFluor-633 is optimally suited to be excited with the 633 nm spectral line of the He-Ne laser and the 635 nm line of red diode lasers and can be used instead of Alexa Fluor® 633. The bright and photostable dye emits highly intensive red fluorescence. Exc./Em. maximum: 637/657 nm.
PromoFluor-647 is an ideal replacement of Cy™5, Alexa Fluor® 647 and allophycocyanin producing intense red fluorescence emission. It is very photostable and can be optimally excited with the 647 nm spectral line of the Krypton-Argon laser. Exc./Em. maximum: 653/672 nm.
PromoFluor-680 is optimal if you are looking for an alternative to Cy™5.5 or Alexa Fluor® 680 and emits intense fluorescence in the far-infrared region of the light spectrum. Ex./Em. maximum: 690/709 nm.
PromoFluor- 750 is an near-infrared (NIR) dye with a spectrum similar to Cy™7. Its fluorescence emission with a maximum at 776 nm can be well separated from commonly used red fluorophores such as PromoFluor-647 or Cy™5. With an excitation peak at 747 nm, conjugates of PromoFluor-750 can be excited well by a xenon arc lamp, far-red diode lasers or dye-pumped lasers.
PromoFluor ChipPacks
PromoFluor ChipPacks are pre-packed PromoFluor dyes intended to label cDNA for microarray assays. The packs contain 20 μg aliquots of PromoFluor 555 and PromoFluor 647 NHS-Ester. These aliquots are sufficient for labeling the amount of cDNA synthesized in a standard reverse transcription assay with enzymatic incorporation of aminoallyl-dUTP. Customized PromoFluor Chip-Packs with other PromoFlour dyes are available on request.
Selection of Currently Available PromoFluor Dyes
| PromoFluor label | absorption maximum [nm] | emission maximum [nm] | excellent alternative to: | laser excitation source |
| PF-350 | 354 | 431 | Alexa Fluor 350, AMCA, AMCA-X | Argon laser; UV-light |
| PF-405 | 400 | 420 | Alexa Fluor 405, Pacific Blue, Cascade Blue | Blue diode laser; Violet 405 krypton laser |
| PF-415 | 418 | 467 | Blue diode laser; Violet 405 krypton laser | |
| PF-488 | 493 | 521 | Fluorescein (FITC), Alexa Fluor 488, Cy2 | Argon 488 blue-green laser |
| PF-488 Premium | 490 | 516 | Fluorescein (FITC), Alexa Fluor 488, Cy2 | Argon 488 blue-green laser |
| PF-505 | 505 | 530 | RhodamineGreen | Argon 488 blue-green laser |
| PF-532 | 539 | 561 | Alexa Fluor 532, Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR, TRITC) | Nd:YAG laser |
| PF-546 | 551 | 572 | Alexa Fluor 546, Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) | Helium-Neon 543 green laser |
| PF-555 | 557 | 574 | Alexa Fluor 555, Cy3, Tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) | Helium-Neon 543 green laser |
| PF-590 | 581 | 598 | TexasRed, Alexa Fluor 568, Cy3.5 | Helium-Neon 594 laser; Ar-Kr mixed-gas laser |
| PF-610 | 610 | 630 | TexasRed | Helium-Neon 594 laser |
| PF-633 | 637 | 657 | Alexa Fluor 633 | Helium-Neon 633 laser; Red diode 635 laser |
| PF-647 | 653 | 672 | Alexa Fluor 647, Cy5, Allophycocyanin | Krypton-Argon 647 laser |
| PF-670 | 673 | 694 | Alexa Fluor 660, Alexa Fluor 680, Cy5.5 | Helium-Neon laser |
| PF-680 | 690 | 709 | Alexa Fluor 680, Cy5.5 | Helium-Neon laser |
| PF-700 | 704 | 723 | Alexa Fluor 700 | Far-red diode lasers; xenon-arc lamp; dye-pumped laser |
| PF-750 | 748 | 772 | Alexa Fluor 750, Cy7 | Far-red diode lasers; xenon-arc lamp; dye-pumped lasers |
| PF-770 | 769 | 796 | Alexa Fluor 750, Cy7 | xenon-arc lamp; dye-pumped laser |
| PF-780 | 783 | 800 | NIR dye | xenon-arc lamp; dye-pumped laser |
| PF-840 | 844 | 884 | NIR dye | xenon-arc lamp; dye-pumped laser |
MegaStokes-Dyes (Large-Stokes-Shift, LSS)
| label | absorption maximum [nm] | emission maximum [nm] | laser excitation source |
| PF-488-LSS | 485 | 560 | Argon 488 laser |
| PF-500-LSS | 500 | 630 | Argon 488 laser |
| PF-510-LSS | 509 | 590 | Argon 514 laser |
| PF-514-LSS | 515 | 650 | Argon 514 laser |
| PF-520-LSS | 520 | 664 | Argon 514 laser |
Other suitable excitation light sources: Mercury-arc & tungsten-halogen lamps, single-color LEDs.
Please request for other PromoFluor dyes not listed here!
Note: Fluorescence Microscopy is also topic of a training course of our PromoCell Academy! >More Information