Kinase Substrates
Our kinase substrates come in ready-to-use form to be used in our kinase assays. They can be used for setting up your own assays together with the respective ready-to-use active kinases and kinase inhibitors.
GSK-3 is one of the Akt substrates. It can be phosphorylated by Akt at Ser21 of GSK-3α or Ser9 of GSK-3β. The phosphorylation of GSK negatively regulates its kinase activity. The recombinant GSK-3α fusion protein serves as a useful substrate for assaying Akt kinase activity.
c-Jun is a component of the transcription factor AP-1 that binds and activates transcription at TRE/AP-1 elements. The transcriptional activity of c-Jun is regulated by phosphorylation at Ser63 and Ser73. Extracellular signals including growth factors, transforming oncoproteins, and UV irradiation stimulate phosphorylation of c-Jun at Ser63/73 and activate c-Jun dependent transcription. The MAP kinase homologue, JNK, binds to the N-terminal region of c-Jun and phosphorylates c-Jun at Ser63/73. The activity of JNK is stimulated by the same signals that activates c-Jun.